College Entrance Essay Essay

Over the past few years I have increasingly become confident that a career in psychology is the right path for me. I am by nature a very caring, helping person, a good listener and someone who enjoys being able to connect with others. My friends and family see me as the kind of person they can go to when they need to talk about their problems, and they know that I am someone that they can trust. To me, there is nothing more fulfilling than the feeling of reaching out and connecting with an individual, and being able to offer them support. Both my parents were clinical psychologists, and undoubtedly this influenced my desire to become a psychologist. They exposed me at an early age to psychological ideas and the practice of psychotherapy. I could see the passion they brought to their profession, and the satisfaction they experienced by helping others. I believe also that my mother’s death when I was ten helped influence my interest in psychology. My mother’s death was a traumatic event for me and my family, and when she passed away I had to help emotionally support my younger brothers. Our subsequent participation in family therapy showed me how important it is to talk about feelings and problems, and how families can heal and move on from even the most traumatic experiences. In order to make a career of my interest, I will need both undergraduate and graduate training in psychology. If I should choose to open up a practice, I will need business training as well. My choice of college is based on finding a strong psychology program and an environment where I can feel like I can make a personal connection with my professors and my peers. In addition to having a strong psychology department, I am looking for a college or university in New England with a small faculty/student ratio. I want to feel like I can personally connect with my professors and peers, and not be just a number in large classes. Castleton State College meets all of these requirements. To me, Castleton State seems to be more then just an  institute of learning, it’s a place where the students are able to experience new ideas and encounter new challenges that will later help them learn critical skills needed to be successful in a diverse and interdependent world. In addition to a good education, I feel that Castleton State is a place that will allow me to grow intellectually, socially, and spiritually. The health field, and mental health in particular, is becoming increasingly challenging and competitive. After my bachelor’s degree, I plan to pursue either my master’s degree or my doctorate in psychology, and I know that I will need strong undergraduate training to be effective at the graduate level. I believe that Castleton State College will provide me with the training and perspective on myself and my career that I will need to be successful and to pursue my dream.

Environmental Factors Of Oil Industry Environmental Sciences Essay

The Omans Environmental National Strategy motion has moved from the periphery to going a cardinal chief watercourse issue. This model towards Biodiversity and the preservation for natural life in agribusiness, Marine, tellurian, and H2O resources is the 2nd ‘wave that has begun to do a displacement in concern thought. Pull offing environmental facets and impacts consistently is about being proactive instead than reactive towards environmental issues. This merge of ecological and economic factors into the pattern of concern direction is critical to accomplishing Oman s environmental preservation aims, and for MB Holding to turn to these alterations and guarantee sustainability. Our environmental policies and criterions, regulative and enforcement patterns, monitoring, scrutinizing and describing supply the communities the confidence that the environment is being protected. MB Holding has established four environmental mark countries which include waste minimisation and direction, pollution bar, resource preservation, and energy efficiency. We aspire to taking inaugural and in developing eco-friendly solutions to environmental issues that may originate from our merchandises, operations and concern activities. We are responsible for the environment in which we work in, and this dedication is demonstrated throughout our work force, our clients and stockholders relationships. We continually seek to transcend conformity and to minimise resource ingestion, and inauspicious environmental impact, limited merely by technologically and economic viability. MB Petroleum steadfastly believes that the complete integrating of its activities with the local environment is most of import in accomplishing its development aims. The company s HSE civilization is extremely maintained by clear policies, processs and engagement of all employees in placing jeopardies, describing a possible hazard and near girls. In MB Petroleum, all employees and contractors are responsible and accountable for HSE public presentation. HSE focal point countries are based on the communicating, competency, equipments, supervising and behaviour safety through route shows. The primary drive aim is to forestall hurts to people around ; to safeguard the wellness of the employees ; to forestall harm to equipment and assets ; and to protect the environment. Pollution control and issues such as air emanations, effluent taint and the direction of risky waste are critical concerns that require sustained attempts in placing the impacts of merchandises and services throughout their lifecycles, including design, cut down, reuse and recycling of equipment and stuffs. MBPS squads are to the full cognizant of their duties to our clients and community stakeholders and hence committed to a robust waste direction plan throughout all their operations. These environmental sound patterns incorporate decrease in stuffs, risky stuffs segregation, and reclaimable stuffs.Socio Economics and Land UseThe cardinal impact issues can be grouped under four headers: i‚ · struggles in land usage i‚ · viing demand for H2O i‚ · farm animal and wildlife safety i‚ · nuisance, chiefly from dust and litter Conflicts in land usage will happen and necessitate to be recognised. There is small that can be done straight without impacting commercial precedences. Mobile life is traditional in this portion of the universe. Freedom to roll and utilize broad countries of the state is a requirement of nomads. If nomadism is to be preserved as a life style, so some steps may necessitate to be considered in order to guarantee that it is non put at hazard unnecessarily by any proposed developments. The demand for livestock safety must be taken earnestly and processs instigated to guarantee it. Livestock and nomadism are synonymous. The demand for H2O ( drinkable and non-potable ) is nationally perceived as a major issue. PDO produces and consumes measures of both drinkable and non-potable groundwater. There is a demand to guarantee that the present degree of use or demand is non baleful national H2O resources. There is besides a demand to guarantee continued entree to set up H2O points for the local citizens as a societal and cultural duty. Nuisance from traffic and building generated dust and wayside litter are issues, peculiarly in the locality of wadis and colonies. New developments should recognize these possible jobs and allow control steps should be implemented.EcologyThe PDO operational countries cover a broad scope of ecological home grounds with different grades of ecological sensitiveness and preservation importance. However, because of the built-in breakability of the desert environment, with many animate beings and workss populating under conditions of terrible temperature and H2O emphasis, harm is easy caused. As geographic expedition and development of hydrocarbon militias continue, so they will progressively hold more impact on the Interior. A preservation oriented attack to all PDO activities, new developments and Restoration of old sites is indispensable to understate these future impacts. The grade of ecological impact is besides affected by whether or non hydrocarbon militias are really proved and later exploited. This leads to a much greater cumulative ecological impact through the big figure and consequent higher denseness of good sites and production and support installations which may be required. Ecological impacts in these fortunes can be cumulative, long-run and terrible, particularly if happening in countries of preservation importance. In countries where isolated Wellss are drilled and later abandoned, direct impacts on the environment are comparatively localized. PDO has already implemented environmental protection guidelines in two of its countries ( the Arabian Oryx Project country and the Salalah/Jebel Qara country ) aimed at understating impacts. In the Salalah part, impacts upon the environment from PDO geographic expedition good boring have been minimum due to the strict execution of extenuation steps. Other than the development of oil militias, the building of ranked roads and grapevines across PDO s operational country is likely the largest impact PDO has on the ecology. The graduated table and significance of these impacts and associated effects may be important. The possible impacts on land based ecology may be considered relative to the country of land disturbed by a specific activity. By contrast, the greatest possible impacts from coastal and seaward operations are those related to leakage or spillage of oil during geographic expedition and production activities.ArcheologyOman is rich in archeology and has the possible to do a part of importance to the apprehension of both Southern Arabia and the Gulf Region. Paradoxically, comparatively small archeological research has been undertaken in the Near and Middle East. The archeological remains of all periods are a delicate, non-renewable resource and are protected by jurisprudence. The grounds of past human activity can be easy destroyed by deficiency of consciousness or consideration during development of a new undertaking. Wherever possible the best pattern is to continue grounds or remains in situ. Where saving is non possible and development is proposed which will hold an impact on archeology, best pattern is to see extenuation steps against standards associating to the affected site s period, nature, extent, quality and rareness. The bing degree of archeological cognition refering to PDO s operational country is excessively low for a consistent extenuation scheme to be formulated at either a general or site-specific degree. New undertakings and developments may hold to see commissioning a plan of archeological informations aggregation.GeologyOman s geological heritage provides may sites and countries where authoritative geological and alone land characteristics occur. At present, no guidelines exist to help in placing or ranking single sites which may be a ffected by PDO s activities. The importance of specific geological characteristics has merely late been considered in some countries of activity ( e.g. , seismal studies ) . Because of the elaborate cognition of Oman s geology held in PDO, it would be a comparatively straightforward exercising to include a reappraisal of important geological characteristics into the EA procedure. A opinion could so be made on the demand for any specific safeguards which will be required.Hydrology and Hydro-geologySeveral PDO activities, notably boring and production H2O disposal, may ensue in impacts upon H2O resources which are likely to be important. Some residuary impacts may happen and these are likely to be ineluctable even after following all possible extenuation. Any techniques to cut down the sum of production H2O, such as down hole dewatering, should be considered since production H2O disposal is predicted to be PDO s major disposal issue in the extroverted old ages. Drinkable H2O from aquifers is a cherished resource in Oman and any possible for taint is a sensitive issue. It is most of import to confer with Exploration in all affairs associating to hydrogeology and hydrology.Air qualityAir quality effects associated with geographic expedition and building activities tend to be localised and transient in nature. The most important impact normally consequences from the building and usage of entree roads when big measures of dust are generated. In countries remote from any colonies, this dust emanation is improbable to be a major impact. Emissions from lasting works such as big engines, gas turbines, flairs, procedure works and cold blowholes may hold important effects depending upon the propinquity of local population or other sensitive receiving systems. There are methods by which emanation rates can be estimated and modeled to foretell the end point land degree concentrations of major air pollutants ( e.g. , NOx, SOx, CO and hydrocarbons ) . Emissions of nursery gases ( CH4, CO2 ) are non important in footings of local air quality effects. However, entire emanations from these activities need to be considered and their significance evaluated on a national or regional footing. Sour gas emanations need careful appraisal with regard to anchor flat concentration due to the utmost toxicity of H2S.Noise and VibrationNoise impacts are potentially important but this is related entirely to the presence of residential communities which are rare across most of the grant country. Where developments are planned near to urban countries, baseline noise studies should be made. An appraisal of possible noise impact should so be undertaken. Site or undertaking specific noise extenuation may be required in order to avoid future jobs.TrafficThe demand to supply route entree consequences in a figure of environmental effects. A big web of roads has already been constructed throughout PDO s grant country and this web is being continually expanded to run into the demands of oil geographic expedition and production. Construction causes physical harm to the desert environment. In many countries this harm will be lasting. A potentially larger term impact, intensifying that straight caused by PDO, arises through the physique up of conveyance corridors and easing communicating links between colonies which did non be before the new route was built. Invasion into sensitive countries may take to struggles with Oman s preservation aims. Because of the mostly negative environmental effects of route building, it is of import that due consideration is given to understating these impacts through careful planning of paths. Road edifice should be based upon making the minimal substructure needed to fulfill operational demands. The current policy of unfastened entree to roads in the Interior is apt to take to struggles with preservation involvements and should be considered really carefully in new undertakings.DirtsDesert dirts are delicate and can be easy damaged during oil geographic expedition and building activities. The most effectual agencies of understating impacts is to curtail the demand for new sites to be developed through maximizing production from bing Wellss. This can be achieved through boring techniques such as side path boring which are already being used in PDO. The nature of geographic expedition and production activities means that there is considerable possible for localized dirt taint non merely from rough oil but besides from the usage of chemicals, Diesel etc. In add-on, bing methods of sewerage disposal at rig sites and cantonments have the possible to do taint.HazardPossible ConsequenceGaseous emanations of methane ( CH4 ) Global warming/atmospheric ozone addition Gaseous emanations of S oxides ( SOx ) Acid deposition, H2O and dirt acidification Gaseous emanations of N oxides ( NOx ) Atmospheric ozone, acerb deposition Gaseous emanations of azotic oxide ( N2O ) Global heating, stratospheric ozone depletion Gaseous emanations of C dioxide ( CO2 ) Global heating Gaseous emanations of C monoxide ( CO ) Human wellness harm Gaseous emanations of H sulphide ( H2S ) Human wellness harm, odour nuisance Gaseous emanations of volatile organic compounds ( VOC ) Atmospheric ozone addition, human wellness harm Gaseous emanations of organic toxics ( PAH, PCB ) Human wellness harm, ecological harm Emissions of all right particulate affair Human wellness harm, soot deposition Emissions of toxic metals Human wellness harm, ecological harm Emissions of odorous compounds Nuisance Emissions of radiation Human wellness harm, ecological harm Emissions of heat Nuisance, ecological harm Emissions of visible radiation Nuisance Emissions of noise/vibration Nuisance Emissions of CFCs ( CFC ) Global heating, stratospheric ozone depletion Emissions of halons Global heating, stratospheric ozone depletion Spills and leaks of rough oil or distillations Ecological harm, biological harm Emissions of dissolved organic compounds Ecological harm, biological harm, tainting of fish Emissions of soluble heavy metals Ecological harm, biological harm through accretion Emissions of soluble salts Increased salt, biological harm Emissions of boring mud/cuttings/chemicals Ecological harm, biological harm Emissions of organic foods ( NH4, PO4 ) Eutrophication Emissions of suspended solids Ecological harm Emissions of oil and lubricating oil ( O/G ) Ecological harm, biological harm Emissions of hot/cold wastewater Ecological harm Emissions of detergents/solvents/cleaners Eutrophication, ecological harm, biological harm Emissions of pathogens Human wellness harm Emissions of anoxic wastewater Ecological harm, biological harm Land disposal of risky wastes Ecological harm, biological harm Land disposal of domestic wastes Ecological harm, nuisance Land take for operations Habitat loss, ecological harm Energy usage for operations Loss of resources Volume of H2O used Loss of resources Volume of natural stuff usage Loss of resources Soil compression from heavy vehicles Alteration of hydrologyENVIRONMENT FACTORS AFFECTING OMAN TOURISM INDUSTRYThe touristry industry of Oman is one of the turning industry in the state. The capital of Oman was named as the 2nd best metropolis to see by travel usher publishing house Lonely planet. The chief attractive force of Oman touristry is it s natural beauties and it s storied past. Peoples from western states visit Oman in order to interact with the Muslim society who are isolated from the modern universe a long clip before. Geting a visa for sing Oman is besides non really hard. A individual entry degree visa is issued for the tourer who wants to see Oman. This visa is valided for one month merely as it is a tourer visa. A mulct of $ 4 is charged per twenty-four hours beyond the 30 twenty-four hours for the tourer. There are besides express visa, a multiple entry or a common visa for the circuit in Qatar, Dubai and a GCC occupant visa. As we have seen Oman touristry is a flourishing industry, it attracts a big figure of tourer while leads to endanger the environment by emphasizing the states resources such as H2O, land etc. Any state has a limited resources of H2O, land etc. As more & A ; more tourist visit the state, they would get these resources which threatens the states resources for the hereafter as it is limited resources. The authorities of Oman plays a critical function in the development of the touristry industry. Visa limitation was eased by Oman s authorities has lead increase the figure of tourer in the last few old ages while has led to develop in the substructure to run into the demand. The authorities of Oman is concentrating on foreign investing in the undertakings such as Parkss, hotels, eating houses, golf cources etc.The current bound by authorities on the figure of tourer is 50,000 tourer per twelvemonth, but the authorities is be aftering to spread out this bound by 100000 tourer per twelvemonth. Oman state is known for it s diverse environment. In order to pull the tourer they are require to supply better substructure, hotels, eating house, golf cources. This would finally emphasize the states resources such as land, H2O, economic resources etc. Environmental Factors Affecting Tourism Industry Climate Water quality Natural resources Solid waste Culture & A ; heritage Wildlife & A ; Parks Pollution Climate The clime of the Oman is hot in nature. It has a really small rainfall in a individual twelvemonth. The one-year rainfall ranges between 5-10 centimeter in a twelvemonth in the major parts of the state. The bulk of rain falls in the month of January in the Muscat. Dhofar is subjected to the sou'-west monsoon and rainfall is recorded up to 65 centimeter in the rainy season from June to October. Where as the mountain country has recorded more rainfall peculiarly near to the island of Masirah. The clime other than these season is really hot where the temperature ranges from 50-55 degree Celsiuss from may to September. Where as in the winter the temperature goes from 15-23 degree Celsiuss which normally attracts the bulk of the tourer. The other coastral metropolis of salalah is comparatively cool for the 3 months of a twelvemonth which besides is one of the ground to pull the tourer. Consequences shows that the clime of Oman has a positive impact on the touristry industry. Oman Is going a popular vacation finish for the British people because of it s clime. The clime of the state besides makes the golfing most popular in the state. The clime of salalah is cool in nature comparison to the other parts of the state which chiefly attracts the people from European states to tour Oman. Water quality Water, and particularly fresh H2O, is one of the most critical natural resources. Oman depends on groundwater and it s limited rainfall for H2O. As more & A ; more people are touring the state the demand for the H2O rises. As H2O is a limited resources, it consequences into the deficit of H2O. In order to fulfill the deficit of H2O more & A ; more H2O purifiers are being used which increase the quality of H2O. Oil is besides an of import resource of the state. Oman transports more than 50 per of the oil produced in the universe through the sea of Oman. This besides consequences into the oil related pollution in the quality of H2O. 94 % of available H2O is used in farming and 2 % for industrial activity, with the bulk sourced from fossil H2O in the desert countries and spring H2O in hills and mountains. Decrease in the quality of H2O has a negative impact on the touristry industry. As more & A ; more undertakings for bettering the quality of H2O are being approved by the authorities, but still impacts negatively on the touristry industry. Natural resources Oman has a best natural resources to pull the tourer. It has the best threatened species included 12 types of mammals, 14 species of birds, 4 types of reptilians, 18 species of fish, 1 species of invertebrate, and 6 species of workss. Decrees have been passed in order to protect endangered species, which include the South Arabian leopard, mountain gazelle, goitered gazelle, Arabian tahr, green sea polo-neck, hawkbill polo-neck, and olive polo-neck. The archeological park are created in order to protect the natural resources of the state & A ; to pull tourers in the state. It is besides to inform people of this of import ancient metropolis in the Governorate of Dhofar. Oman has a 5000 old ages of history, encompassed within archeological sites, ancient architecture and alone mosques etc. Oman has the best natural resources to pull the foreign tourer in the state. It has over 500 historical garrisons, many mountain scopes, and a exuberant southern part – it means it has all the characteristics that the other gulf states are missing. The state already attracts a good figure of visitants from the Gulf Cooperation Council ( GCC ) provinces who are looking to get away the heat. In February 2004, the Omani authorities planed calls for the edifice of a marina, a five-star watering place and beachfront hotel, premium Villa, and a golf class on 7.3 kilometer of beachfront merely west of Muscat. The Wave will be the most ambitious tourer undertaking attempted in the state and now pulling a immense figure of tourers. Two other resorts, the Barr al-Jissah Resort and the Muscat Golf and County Club, besides provide ample private lodging. Large-scale resorts are besides being planned near Salalah in Dhofar. Oman has traditionally targeted wealthier Europeans. These visitants – normally composed of smaller groups – have by and large been thought to possess a greater sensitiveness to the more conservative facets of Omani society. Specifically, they are less likely to do the jobs with intoxicant normally endemic in big resorts and on bundle Tourss. Solid waste The state is traveling towards zero waste which has positively consequence on the touristry industry. Developing states are now a yearss seeking to do usage of the solid waste by recycling the waste through assorted engineerings. OESHCO ( oman environmental services keeping company ) is responsible for all cardinal waste direction countries including waste aggregation, transit, separation, and processing, recycling, incineration, land-filling, handling of solid, industrial ( risky and non-hazardous waste ) and medical waste and redress of environment tonss. As portion of this reconstituting plan, some major structural alterations may happen within Oman s waste direction sector including current entities being reorganized, new entities established, engagement of private sector through denationalization. OESHCO will set about the execution of the authorities s policy with respects to the direction and operation of the waste sector s activities in conformity with the national scheme being planned by the Ministry of National Economy. The state is endeavoring to set up 16 engineered landfills, 65 waste transportation Stationss and 4 waste treatmentA workss in different parts of the state by 2015.A Culture & A ; heritage Heritage The bequest that is been passed from one coevals to other such as art, civilization, folklore and the prowess has been a major attractive force for the tourer. But it has lot more to offer. The people are quiet in nature. They have regard for clip, and for nature. The gustatory sensation of the oman s rich heritage, kept alive and remains unchanged for coevalss. It boasts an high figure of UNESCO-classified World Heritage Sites including Al-Blaid ; site of the ancient metropolis of Zafar, Bat- with is known dating back 3,000 old ages, Bahla Fort, and Ras Al-Hadd ; place to the rare Green Sea Turtle. Oman ‘s heritage features a singular sea-faring tradition. There are many museum & A ; galleries are present in the metropolis of Muscat and Muttrah which shows the importance of the sea and of H2O by and large, throughout Oman ‘s 5,000 year-old history. So, the heritage of Oman has a positive impact on touristry industry & A ; attracts a batch of tourer around the universe. Culture The state has an good civilization and traditional life style of the people populating in. Even in the modernisation Oman is an Arabic state and offers a assortment of alone admirations. The Omani civilization has its roots steadfastly deep in the Islamic faith. Oman people are stuborn of the beliefs of different Muslim divisions.But they are besides tolerant towards the believes of other religions of people who are allowed to pattern their faith in churches and temples such as Indians. Moslems are required to pray five times each twenty-four hours after the call to prayer by the Imam. Ornate mosques are found throughout the Sultanate, but they are merely unfastened to the Muslim visitants. The holy month of Ramadan is a clip of fasting and praying. For around 29 to 30 yearss each twelvemonth, Muslims refrain from smoke, feeding and imbibing during the hours of fasting ( from dawn to sunset ) . So the people from non-Muslim occupants and visitants to the Sultanate are expected to detect the same rules in public. Wildlife & A ; Parks Oman has a wildlife, both on land and on the Waterss. The authorities has created rigorous Torahs in order to protect the animate beings such as the Arabian leopard and the Arabian Oryx. Nature militias have been set up throughout the Sultanate to protect the natural home grounds of mammals such as the leopard, Oryx, gazelle, taher, ibex, desert foxes and wild cats. The Waterss are place to 22 species of giant and mahimahi. Turtlenecks are attracted to Oman ‘s shores and capsize genteelness militias are located at Ras al-Jinz and the Dimaaniyat Islands. Oman has a great marine life and some of the best honkytonk sites in the universe. In peculiar, the Hallaniyat Islands and the Dimaaniyat Islands offers opportunities to see attractively coloured fish and unusual difficult and soft corals. Approximately 400 birds have been recorded in Oman during the seasons. Because the location of the state is at the hub of three different geographical land multitudes, It is host to many foreign species, such as the Golden Oriole, Nightjar and White Stork. In the genteelness season, public entry is prohibited to the Dimaaniyat Islands, where there is a bird sanctuary. During September to November, many bird of Joves migrate to Oman, such as the Imperial Eagle and the Greater Spotted Eagle. Oman is typically considered to be a ‘desert state ‘ , Oman astounds the visitant with its gardens, and luxuriant flowered shows run alonging the main roads and bypaths. All the Parkss are free to come in and normally have little bite stores or drinks stands available in it. Muscat has a several Parkss that varied in countries and location. The chief Parkss are Qurum Natural Park, Riyam and Al Naseem. Generally the Parkss attracts a batch of people because of the acuteness for seting trees inside these Parkss and increasing the green countries, the affair which encourage more people to bask sing them during official vacations. So the wildlife & A ; assortment of gardens of the state plays a critical function in pulling a immense figure of tourer around the universe.ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR OF GAS INDUSTRYSustainable development is guaranting that our present demands do non compromise the demands of our future coevalss. This method represents a various attack to pull offing our environmental, economic and societal resources for the long term. Our environmental aim for 2008 is to committee the 20 MMSCF capacity gas intervention installation, and recover the gas from the B Block production installation and Daleel Production Station, direct it to the gas intervention installation. The expected outputs from the gas intervention are about 400-500 bpd of liquefied crude oil gas and 500-600 bpd of NGL. Daleel is be aftering to committee the gas works this twelvemonth, and the first measure of the gas flaring is to cut down it from 13 MMSCF ( Current Production ) to 6 MMSCF. The ultimate purpose is to retrieve the gas watercourse and thin gas, which will be partially used for the centralised power coevals works and the thin gas will be re-injected back in the bing gas cap in the C-block, ready for flame uping. Petrogas recognizes that this invention is a critical ingredient for the protection of communities and additions company fight within the oil and gas sector. Petrogas is emerging as an industry leader in clean gas production and contributing to environmental protection and pollution bar, by cut downing degrees of hydrocarbons.A The Section of Environment, Energy, and Resources is the Prime Minister forum for attorneies working in countries related to environmental jurisprudence, natural resources jurisprudence, and energy jurisprudence. The Section is committed to supplying members with chances to heighten professional accomplishments, remain on top of current developments, and duologue in these substantial countries. Section rank will add to your professional accomplishment set and broaden your cognition. Clean Air Act The Clean Air Act ( CAA ) is the comprehensive federal jurisprudence that regulates air emanations from stationary and nomadic beginnings. Among other things, this jurisprudence authorizes EPA to set up National Ambient Air Quality Standards ( NAAQS ) to protect public wellness and public public assistance and to modulate emanations of risky air pollutants. Clean Water Act The Clean Water Act ( CWA ) establishes the basic construction for modulating discharges of pollutants into the Waterss of the United States and modulating quality criterions for surface Waterss. The footing of the CWA was enacted in 1948 and was called the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, but the Act was significantly reorganized and expanded in 1972. â€Å" Clean Water Act † became the Act ‘s common name with amendments in 1977. Energy Policy Act The Energy Policy Act ( EPA ) addresses energy production in the United States, including: ( 1 ) energy efficiency ; ( 2 ) renewable energy ; ( 3 ) oil and gas ; ( 4 ) coal ; ( 5 ) Tribal energy ; ( 6 ) atomic affairs and security ; ( 7 ) vehicles and motor fuels, including ethyl alcohol ; ( 8 ) H ; ( 9 ) electricity ; ( 10 ) energy revenue enhancement inducements ; ( 11 ) hydropower and geothermic energy ; and ( 12 ) clime alteration engineering. For illustration, the Act provides loan warrants for entities that develop or use advanced engineerings that avoid the by-production of nursery gases. Another proviso of the Act increases the sum of biofuel that must be assorted with gasolene sold in the United States. Environmental Law Institute The Environmental Law Institute provides information services, advice, publications, preparation classs, seminars, research plans and policy recommendations to prosecute and authorise environmental leaders the universe over. ELI s audience is taking environmental professionals in authorities, industry, public involvement groups and academe Natural Resources Defense Council ( NRDC ) NRDC is the state ‘s most effectual environmental action organisation. We use jurisprudence, scientific discipline and the support of 1.3 million members and on-line militants to protect the planet ‘s wildlife and wild topographic points and to guarantee a safe and healthy environment for all living things.OMAN LNG FACTORSOman Liquefied Natural Gas LLC ( Oman LNG ) is a limited liability incorporated joint venture company established by a Royal Decree and operated under the Torahs of the Sultanate of Oman. It engages in the concern of bring forthing and selling Liquefied Natural Gas ( LNG ) and byproduct Natural Gas Liquids ( NGLs ) . The Company undertakes, straight or indirectly, undertaking operations and activities necessary to liquefy, shop, conveyance and market Oman s natural gas and to present LNG to clients. The Company operates 3 liquefaction trains – 2 owned by Oman LNG LLC and 1 by Qalhat LNG SAOC – at its site in Qalhat near Sur with a nameplate capacity of 10.4 million metric tons per annum. The Company s activities contribute to the Government of Oman s aim of diversifying the economic system off from its current dependence on oil. Oman LNG s Head Office is in Muscat an the works is located on the seashore of Qalhat near Sur, in the Sharqiyah part.Our Core Valuess:1. Achieving HSSE ( Health, Safety, Security and Environment ) Excellence 2. Meeting our Commercial Challenges in partnership with our providers and purchasers 3. Prolonging Operational Integrity in everything we do 4. Attracting, Developing and Retaining the Right Endowment 5. Promoting our Brand, Enriching our Corporate Culture and Repute 6. Delivering Cost Leadership and 7. Guaranting Organizational Effectiveness Since our 1st lading in 2000, the Company has delivered ten old ages of of all time bettering returns on investing to our stockholders, uninterrupted supply of LNG and NGL to our clients, growing in the professionalism, experience and acknowledgment of our staff and a alone partnership with the authorities and people of Oman in support of sustainable economic autonomy and variegation. We intend to construct on what we have achieved, to research new avenues of chances in readying for future concern growing when the external environment allows and to construct upon our successes to procure our hereafter. The betterments that direction and staff are committed to accomplishing are captured as specific, mensurable, conveyable, realistic and time-framed cardinal public presentation indexs ( KPI s ) , some of which are presented in this one-year study.Individual Integrityoˆ‚? Populating the OLNG values oˆ‚? Making what is right even if: oˆ‚? No 1 is looking oˆ‚? You know you could acquire away with somethingProfessionalismoˆ‚? Producing quality work at all times oˆ‚? Efficiency and effectivity in transporting out assigned functions and dutiesAccountabilityoˆ‚? Delivering on promise based on in agreement marks oˆ‚? Showing ownership of mandated assignmentsOrganization Team workoˆ‚? Collaborating with others to present on organisational aims oˆ‚? Value differences and purchase on diverseness of the squadCare & A ; Respectoˆ‚? Listening to concerns of stakeholders oˆ‚? Respecting diverseness oˆ‚? Sing stakeholders demandsAuthorizationoˆ‚? Having assurance and trust in delegated duties to staff to put to death undertakings aptly oˆ‚? Coaching and mentoring to continuously develop staffBusinessTransparency & A ; Fairnessoˆ‚? Engage staff/stakeholders in an unfastened, crystalline and timely mode oˆ‚? Provide equal chance to all staff without bias oˆ‚? Impartiality in staff wages and acknowledgment oˆ‚? Build bravery to give nonsubjective feedbackReputation/ Loyaltyoˆ‚? Conformity with the jurisprudence and concern rules in order to keep credibleness with stakeholders and the licence to run oˆ‚? Uphold concern involvements at all times without transgressingEnvironmentBeach cleansing is a frequent activitySafetyEveryone has a function to playConformityRecipient of GCC s Best in Compliance to Environmental Standards Award Health, Safety, Security, Environment Quality HSSEQEXCELLENCE In 2009, Oman LNG continued its resoluteness for uninterrupted betterment in HSSE public presentation. Some of the high spots achieved were:Healthoˆ‚? Staff medical fittingness confidence: Oman LNG achieved 97 % against a mark of 85 % in 2009.Safetyoˆ‚? 0.6 Million Man-Hours achieved without a Lost Time Injury ( LTI ) by terminal 2009. oˆ‚? LTIF for 2009 was 0.72. oˆ‚? Introduced the 12 Life-Saving Rules that clearly define the â€Å" do s and wear T † in the activity countries with the highest potency for injury to people. The 12 regulations are being enforced to guarantee conformity by everyone who works with Oman LNG and allows them to return place safely every twenty-four hours. oˆ‚? 3 major runs amongst staff and contractors on: oˆ‚? Road Safety. oˆ‚? Good House Keeping. oˆ‚? Hazard Awareness. oˆ‚? Executed 6 care closures without LTI or TRC ( 3 Trains and 3 GTGs ) .Securityoˆ‚? Oman LNG completed the installing of new ‘state-ofthe- art security installations and systems to safeguard company assets and people. The undertaking was based on extended advice from the Royal Oman Police and our Security Advisors.Environmentoˆ‚? Oman LNG won the desired GCC Award for Conformity with Environmental Regulations in late 2008. oˆ‚? Company is to the full compliant with MECA demands in all its environmental licenses and â€Å" Licenses to Operate † . oˆ‚? No environmental incident occured in 2009. oˆ‚? Very low ( pacesetting ) flame uping rates, averaging 0.23 % of entire feedgas to works in 2009.Qualityoˆ‚? Successful re-certification audits of our: oˆ‚? ISO 9001:2000 Quality Management System. oˆ‚? ISO 14001:2004 Environmental Management System. oˆ‚? Successful re-certification audits of our: oˆ‚? ISO 17025 Laboratory Management System Brand & A ; Reputation 2009 continued to be another active twelvemonth in all countries of the Social Investment by the Company. Some illustrations of Oman LNG s parts:Healthoˆ‚? Supplied portable bosom echo-cardiograph system to Royal Hospital. oˆ‚? Supplied equipment for the Cancer Center at Royal Hospital & A ; Cytogenetic Laboratory at Khoula Hospital. oˆ‚? Funded the purchase and installing of equipment for a specialized Ear, Nose & A ; Throat ( ENT ) preparation research labEnvironmentoˆ‚? Construction of protection barriers in the Wilayat of Wadi Bani Khalid against carnal invasion. oˆ‚? Rearing of White Goats in Jabal Al Abiyadh, Heil Al Harem, and Wilayat of Dima Wa Al Tayeen.ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR OF AGRICULTURE AND FISHING INDUSTRYAgribusiness, farm animal and piscaries are among the oldest and most of import sectors of theA Omani economic system. They play a critical portion in feeding the population, supplying employment for big Numberss of Omanis and assisting to hike the state s GDP. The Batinah Region has the most day of the month thenars, Mangifera indica and calcium hydroxide trees, while the Governorate of Dhofar has the most coconut thenars. Agricultural advice and counsel programmes have been adopted to advance the usage of high-quality fertilizers and seeds, modern irrigation systems have been introduced on the farms and barriers have been built to supply protection against wadi inundations. Fisheries: With a coastline over 1,700 kilometers long, Oman is one of the chief fish-producing states in the part and theA piscaries sector is among its most promising sectors. Fishing is one of the state s oldest businesss. Fish agriculture is now a turning industry and a fish agriculture Centre is presently being set up, while the quality of the gimmicks is being improved, following the creative activity of the Fisheries Quality Control Centre. Marketing operations have been streamlined across the state and exports are now better regulated, peculiarly with respect to certain types of rare, high value fish. Fisheries developing Centres have been established in Al Khabourah and Salalah, informations and statistics on the fishing industry have been upgraded and new fishing seaports have been built and equipped with modern installations ; today there are angling seaports along the Omani seashore. The Seventh Five-year Development Plan ( 2011-2015 ) is committed to developing and keeping the Sultanate s aquatic resources, guaranting that the fishing evidences and coastal countries are decently managed, regulated and monitored. The Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Cooperation ( IORARC ) s Fisheries Support Unit is based in Oman. The unit promotes cooperation between member provinces in the direction of this critical – and renewable – resource. The Ministry has late carried out a programmed to better, develop and diversify the cultivation of field harvests and fresh fishs, with the purpose of placing the best local strains and bettering them. Under the programmed, new types of field harvests and fresh fish were evaluated and introduced to the Omani environment. Other aims included the readying of coders aimed at increasing the grain production of the field harvests and bettering field harvest cultivation methods. The programmed covered wheat, barley, fresh fish, Lucerne and silage. Research has been advanced in the survey of plagues and of works diseases. Particular attending has been given to diseases which attack calcium hydroxides, day of the month thenars, coconuts, bananas and tomatoes. Programmers have besides concentrated on biological bar methods. The Ministry provides the Omani husbandman with a figure of services which he is unable to set about on his ain, and which require high proficient and other installations. Spraying squads from the Ministry have been runing over big countries of day of the month gardens against a detrimental day of the month thenar chow ( mataq ) . They have besides been helping husbandmans in protecting their Fieldss with the usage of general pesticides. The Ministry besides offers farm ersploughing services for nominal hire charges at its agricultural development centres. New ordinances on agricultural and livestock subsidies were issued in 1992. The Ministry subsidies the cost of agricultural mechanical equipment to promote husbandmans to utilize it. Items covered include Big Dippers, harvesters, binders, chemical sprayers, mechanical proverb and little agricultural implements. Other subsidies cover chemical fertilizers, seeds, pesticides, fruit seedlings, plastic screens, cloches and compost. The Government has besides reduced unit monetary values of electricity and Diesel used for farming and agricultural industry undertakings. The policy of the Oman Agriculture and Fisheries Bank is to supply loans for all classs of husbandmans, with precedence being given to little husbandmans and productive agricultural undertakings. The Bank besides ad curates some agribusiness and piscaries loan programmes, and grants loans in cooperation with the relevant sections of the Ministry. Until duty was transferred to the Ministry of Water Resources at the beginning of last twelvemonth, the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries was responsible for the care of aflaj and the con struction of recharge dikes. The Ministry continues to work closely with the Ministry of Water Resources in doing the best usage of available H2O resources. During the current Five-Year Plan the Ministry has implemented a figure of undertakings, including a programme to de termine which land is suited for agribusiness, a survey of the south Ba tinah, where peculiar irrigation jobs have arisen, and a survey of the Salalah Plain in the South, with a position to presenting modern methods o f irrigation on farms. One of the Sultanate ‘s major, and most promising, programmes is the debut of nursery engineering. The Ministry has begun subsidising undertakings of this types, and intends to concentrate on green house agribusiness in its following Plan.A The Sultanate of Oman occupies the eastern corner of the Arabian Peninsula, stretching more than 1700 kilometer from the Strait of Hormuz in the North to the frontiers of Yemen in the South. The Musandam Peninsula, the most northern point of Oman is separated from the remainder of the state by Fujaira, which is one of the United Arab Emirates. The state is located between latitudes 16o 40 N and 26o 20 N and longitude 51oE and 59o 40 E. It occupies entire country of about 309,500 sq. kilometer, of which mountains, comeuppances and coastal fields represent 16 % , 81 % and 3 % , severally. It can be divided into the undermentioned physiographic parts, i. the whole coastal plain- the most of import parts are the Batinah Plain in the North, which is the chief agricultural country, and the Salalah Plain in the South ; two. the mountain ranges- that run in the north near to the Batinah Plain is the Jebel Al Akhdar with a extremum at 3,000 metres and in the utmost southern portion of the sta te, with extremums from 1,000 to 2,000 metres ; and iii. the internal regions- which lay between the coastal field and the mountains in the North and south consist of several fields with lifts non transcending 500 metres. The clime varies from arid in the interior parts, to humid in coastal countries to tropical in the southern parts of the state with a temperature scope from below nothing ( in Jebel Akdar and Jebel Shams ) to 50oC in summer in the desert. The mean one-year rainfall is about 100 millimeters, largely distributed between November and February, except in the Dhofar part where there is monsoon rainfall ( 200-250 millimeter ) during kharif ( July-September ) period. Agribusiness and Fisheries merchandises are among the chief non-oil trade goods that account for about 22.7 % of Oman non-oil exports in 2005 ( www.moe.gov.om ) . The agricultural merchandises that are exported include chiefly dried and fresh day of the months, dried calcium hydroxides, fresh fruits, and veggies. Over the past old ages, the authorities has made concerted attempts to better productiveness in agribusiness through modern irrigation techniques and harvest farming patterns. As a consequence, during the last decennary the production of day of the months has increased by 30 % while outputs of tomatoes, murphies, and alfalfa hold doubled. With the population increasing yearly at a rate of more than 3.28 % , there is a demand for increasing nutrient production and new schemes are being explored for accomplishing sustainable nutrient security.Agro-ecological parts of OmanTwo chief agro-climatic zones are recognized in Oman based on parametric quantities which influence potency of land, H2O resources and cropping forms: Northern Oman including Batinah Coastal field, Interior Oman and Dahira fields, Jebel Akhdar and Sharqiya fields. Southern Oman, Dhofar including Salalah field, Dhofar Jebel and Najd. 10Northern Omantraditional inundation system still remains the most common irrigation technique, which accounts to about 80 % . Oman has a broad diverseness of harvest workss for diet and nutrient or provender intent in add-on to other human usage. A figure of field harvests, veggies, fruit trees, forest trees, rangeland grazing land species, aromatic and medicative works species are autochthonal and known to be grown in the Sultanate since immemorial clip. Table 2 lists chief species for nutrient and agribusiness of Oman. Among these the most of import 1s are day of the months, banana, acerb calcium hydroxide, Mangifera indica, wheat, barley, garbanzo, onion, garlic, sweet murphy, Cucumis sativus, Citrullus vulgaris etc. With the exclusion of corn, oats, and sunflower, all the other species are considered autochthonal. Oman has non merely several local adapted cultivars and land races or ecotypes of harvest species such as Coola, Missani, Humaira, Walidi etc in wheat but besides wild relations of some harvest workss that form the beginning of stuff for harvest genteelness to reassign specific characters. Although systematic in situ and on-farm studies on the province of inter and intra-specific works diverseness have non been sufficient, there is grounds of an increasing force per unit area from several abiotic, biotic and societal factors on this diverseness. These factors include: I. Soil and H2O salt ; two. Overgrazing and deforestation of rangelands, three. Replacement of local cultivars by high giving modern cultivars ; four. Climate alterations doing utmost high temperatures and drouth ; v. Plagues and diseases, particularly viruses and virus-like diseases ; six. Urbanization of the exterior range/ cragged lands ; and, vii. Scarcity of irrigation H2O impacting farming diverseness. The state is transporting several activities sing preservation of works familial resources for nutrient and agribusiness which are as follows. 1. Surveying, stocktaking, and aggregation of PGRFA- since late 1980s. MAF has collected independently and in coordination with international organizations/institutes autochthonal germplasm accessions of veggies, fruits, eatages and grazing lands harvest workss ( Guarino, 1989 ) . Besides the Ministry of Heritage and Culture, Royal Gardens and Farms of the Directorate General of Agriculture & A ; Veterinary of the Royal Court and Sultan Qaboos University have been either keeping botanical gardens affecting autochthonal works species or printing the position of vegetations and zoologies and checklists of works species in the state foregrounding the endangered species 2. MAF is involved systematically in seed production of autochthonal harvest landraces and selected grazing land grass species and generation of seedlings of fruit tree species since 1980s and production of day of the month thenar outgrowths and banana seedlings through tissue civilization since 1990s. 3. MOA and Royal Gardens and Farms of the Directorate General of Agriculture & A ; Veterinary of the Royal Court, are presently pull offing several field genebanks of fruit and rangeland species. Seed Technology Unit of MoA has been late upgraded to National Gene Bank of Plant Genetic Resources. 4. Under the Royal Decree 6/2006, initial activities have been started to set up the Oman Botanic Garden in Seeb, Muscat by the office of the Advisor for Conservation of the Environment, Diwan of Royal Court. These included listing and collection of the mark works species. In situ preservation and direction of PGRFA in the state are carried out by both MoA and Ministry of Environment and Climatic Affairs ( MECA ) . MoA is concentrating on the preservation and direction of autochthonal landraces of field harvests, veggies, and grazing land works species, whereas MECA has reserved countries in different parts of the state with purpose of conserving the ecosystems..AENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR SUMMARYFast frontward to – in the close hereafter – a universe in which environmental costs are to the full internalized into the procedures of large concern. Those companies that have their systems ready now, and that are presently doing concern determinations around C costs, energy efficiency and H2O ingestion, will be good placed to harvest really important benefits in the hereafter. Water is indispensable to the hotel industry. Meanwhile, planetary ingestion of H2O is duplicating every 20 old ages, more than twice the rate of human population growing. Sup ply Tourism in a finite universe is finite, and yet demand has risen steadily as populations grow and ingestion per capita additions. With 22 % of planetary demand for fresh H2O coming from industry, pull offing H2O more efficaciously is a necessity instead than an option. Arguments over the finite nature of fossil fuels may be less distinct, but with a consensus on clime alteration driving both a displacement in client sentiment and alterations in statute law ( for illustration, the UK s new â€Å" CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme † introduced in April this twelvemonth ) , the demand for concern to cut down its ingestion of oil and gas, and to put in new energy beginnings, is copiously clear. The hotel sector is energy-intensive, disbursement over ?1bn each twelvemonth on energy and bring forthing 3.5m tones of C emanations yearly in the UK entirely, harmonizing to the Carbon Trust. Using cleaner and cheaper energy beginnings will assist non simply to cut down operational costs, but to increase fight and sustainability into the average term. Starwood is working toward both a 30 % decrease in energy usage and a 20 % lessening in H2O ingestion per available room by 2020. At their Aloft Hotel in Abu Dhabi, more than 90 % of the hot H2O at the 408-bedroom hotel will be supplied through energy from solar panels, salvaging an estimated 870 mega watt hours of electricity every twelvemonth. At Starwood s St Regis Aspen Resort, one of the first hotels in America to utilize e-tube solar engineering which utilizes the Sun as a natural heat beginning, they have installed over 1,300 solar e-tubes on the roof since the terminal of 2008. Component, Starwood s â€Å" green from the land up † trade name, made its ain history by going the first major hotel trade name to mandate that all belongingss pursue LEED ( Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design ) Certification. In-room recycling bins, water-efficient spigots and fixtures and eco-friendly pigments, rugs and furniture all contribute to the green docket. Alternatively of utilizing electric warmers to cut down humidness, Hyatt Regency Dubai uses hot air from the out-of-doorss to reheat the air in the air-handling units ( AHUs ) , roll uping an impressive 15,000 gallons, about, of condensate H2O per twenty-four hours from all AHUs and hotel room fan spiral units, which is so used in the chilling tower. In 2007, the Grand Hyatt Dubai implemented one of the largest solar panel installings in the Middle East, ensuing in a 50 % decrease in monthly fuel costs and a 4.5-year payback period. The hotel has since continued to spread out the system. And over in Singapore, Grand Hyatt is doing usage of Hyatt s Trigeneration Project that works by capturing wasted heat from generators and utilizing it to bring forth hot H2O, steam and infrigidation. The UK s largest hotel and eating house grou p has unveiled programs for a new green hotel and its first low C eating house, due to open in Burgess Hill, UK, in Autumn 2010. The development will utilize rainwater harvest home and gray H2O recycling for 100 % of its lavatory H2O usage, presenting a 20 % salvaging on the hotel s full H2O ingestion. Both the hotel and eating house will be built utilizing lumber frame building methods from sustainably sourced wood, leting for high degrees of insularity to accomplish ‘Turning surging temperatures into an environmental advantage – Hyatt Hotels and Resorts ‘New â€Å" green † hotel and a pledge to cut down C emanations by 26 % by 2020 – Whitbread ‘Reducing the C footmark by 25 % by 2017 maximal energy efficiency. Marriott International is presenting a green hotel paradigm that will be recertified by LEED, an internationally recognized green edifice certifi cation system designed by the US Green Building Council. By implementing these H2O effi ci ency steps, plus wash-on-request linen and towel policies and water-efficient kitchen and wash installations, Marriott estimates that H2O ingestion of a typical 100,000 ft2 ( 9290.30m2 ) select-service hotel will be reduced by over 3.8m liters per twelvemonth, salvaging 10s of 1000s of dollars per twelvemonth. Marriott s Courtyard Portland City Center ( LEED Gold Certificate ) is designed to utilize 30 % less energy, cut down H2O ingestion by 26 % and recycle or recycle 84 % of building waste. The International Tourism Partnership has a strong function to play in foregrounding best pattern in sustainability within the hotels sector, and in pressing the instance for farther alteration if the industry is to boom into the longer term. The good intelligence is that these issues are now steadfastly embedded on the dockets of the boards of many of the taking concerns in the sector. However, most of the steps that are either being planned or are already in topographic point point to incremental alteration over a figure of old ages. Examples of system-wide â€Å" riotous invention † that re-define the basic concern theoretical account ( built on premises of continual volume growing ) are harder to happen. And for both consumers and corporate looking to do determinations with the lightest possible environmental impact, the comparison of the many options available remains a important challenge. Oman is endowed with its rich biodiversity as it has non merely diversified traditional agribusiness affecting about all types of harvest species but besides huge rangelands particularly in Dhofar holding assorted grazing land species. It has broad diverseness of harvest workss for diet and nutrient or provender intent in add-on to other human usage. Some field harvests, veggies, fruittrees, forest trees and rangeland grazing land species have been autochthonal and known to be grown in the Sultanatesince clip immemorial. Oman has non merely several local adapted cultivars and land races or ecotypes of harvest species but besides wild relations of some harvest workss that form the beginning of stuff for harvest genteelness to reassign specific characters.

The Nicaraguan and Cuban Revolution

Nicaragua, the state with the least â€Å"fertile dirt for the proliferation of Left groups† , was the lone state where a revolution prevailed following the Cuban Revolution ( 4 ) . Despite many similarities between Cuba and Nicaragua, they established rather distinguishable revolutions. InSandinista, Matilde Zimmermann, frequently compares and contrasts the FSLN motion with the Cuban Revolution. In add-on, she besides provides non merely a thorough survey of the military and ideological leader Carlos Fonseca, but offers insight into the development of the FSLN. Unlike the Cuban Revolution, the Nicaraguan revolution under the leading of the FSLN was chiefly a societal revolution. Harmonizing to Zimmermann, the FSLN of Carlos Fonseca was responsible for mobilising the Nicaraguans into a societal revolution. However, following Fonseca’s decease, Zimmermann attributes the death of the revolution to the fact that the Sandinistas failed to follow Fonseca’s vision. Although Cuba and Nicaragua both suffered from inhibitory and weak democratic establishments, their revolutions are distinguishable. On the one manus, Cuba experienced a political revolution. The societal ends of the revolutionists were 2nd to the political 1s and remained mistily defined even after 1959. The revolution in Nicaragua was a societal revolution. The bulk of the Nicaraguan population massively supported the actions of the FSLN. The same can non be said about Cuba, where the bulk of the Cuban population was non mobilized by the Rebels. The radical battle against Somoza was marked by category struggle and the resistance against Batista was non. Despite the differences, the Cuban revolution in peculiar the leading of Che Guevara and Fidel Castro had a important impact on the development of Carlos Fonseca’s political political orientation. Zimmermann argues that the Cuban revolution had a profound influence on Fonseca’s thought and the Sandinista motion ( 9 ) . The voluntarism of Che Guevara and the personal appeal of Fidel Castro captured the attending of Third World hereafter revolutionists. For Fonseca, the triumph of the Cuban Revolution convinced him that revolution was possible and that a new organisation was needed to take it ( 56 ) . Fonseca found a hero in Che Guevara and became influenced by Che’s Hagiographas. Fonseca set out to double the Cuban triumph in Nicaragua. Similar to Fidel Castro’s usage of Jose Marti in Cuba, Fonseca appealed to the nationalist image of Augusto Sandino. Sandino’s battle in the 1930s divine Fonseca and as a consequence Sandino became a Nicaraguan rallying symbol for the revolution ( 61 ) . Fonseca’s political authorship remained committed to both socialist revolution and national release from imperialism. Sandino and Che Guevara were the two most of import influences on Fonseca’s political idea. Guevara’s Marxism and Sandino’s patriotism became rooted in a motion capable of doing a successful revolution. Carlos Fonseca’s political political orientation became woven into early FSLN literature and philosophy. Carlos Fonseca was really much the motivation force behind the Sandinistas. In the Historic Program, Fonseca outlined his doctrine of encompassing the experiences of the Nicaraguan workers and provincials. This doctrine was cardinal to the FSLN initial platform ( 208 ) . Unlike the 26th of July Movement, whose forces merely represented a minority of the Cuban population, the Sandinista alliance was genuinely representative of the lower sector of Nicaraguan society. From the get downing the FSLN was organized chiefly to stand for workers, provincials, and the urban hapless. They believed in educating the lower category by transfusing in them an apprehension of Nicaraguan history, which taught them about the Nicaraguan battle against imperialism ( 191 ) . In add-on, this doctrine contributed to the entreaty of the FSLN and helped mobilise immature activists. Throughout the sixtiess, Fonseca and the little group of vernal revolutionists launched a guerrilla motion. Fonseca helped form g uerilla units, recruited clandestinely for future action, and endured prison. Despite the frequent lickings, Fonseca’s strength and dedication to the cause helped keep the integrity of the organisation during long periods of belowground being. In the late seventiess, the members of the FSLN became divided and frequently argued over scheme and tactics. Zimmerman demonstrates that Fonseca understood the grounds for the divisions and differ with the cabals ( 184 ) . In 1975, Fonseca returned to Nicaragua to repair the rifts in the FSLN and to re-validate his leading. However, Fonseca died on his manner to a jungle acme meeting he called with the purpose of mending the divisions. Following his decease, the factional struggle became significantly worse. The three different cabals in the FSLN: the Insurrectional Tendency, the Prolonged People’s War, and the Proletarian Tendency, strayed off from the Historic Program designed by Fonseca ( 208 ) . In add-on the FSLN became more moderate. Zimmerman argues that the 1978 revision of the 1969 Historic Program foreshadowed a continual series of via medias intended to lenify the national businessperson resistance ( 208 ) . The FSLN bit by bit abandoned their ain radical docket. In 1979, the Sandinistas succeeded in subverting the Somoza government. The FSLN without Fonseca lost Fonseca’s focal point on apprehension and reacting to hapless Nicaraguans and their diverse signifiers of development. Rather than prosecuting them as radical topics, they made the multitudes the object of radical policy, a displacement that produced opposition instead than dialogue. In add-on, the arguments that gave rise to the FSLN cabals remained integral within the nine leaders of the National Directorate ( 226 ) . The Directorate lost sight about what was best for Nicaraguan workers and provincials. Although the FSLN claimed to be regulating in the involvement of workers and provincials, their refusal to convey new leaders from oppressed societal categories to the Directorate did non back up their claim. In the 1990s, National Directorate led to another split. That, along with the civil war took a important political toll on the FSLN. In February 1990, after a disruptive decennary in power, the FSLN was voted out of office when Conservative leader Violeta Chamorro round Daniel Ortega in the presidential race ( 228 ) . By taking to concentrate on the political vision and political orientation of Carlos Fonseca, Zimmermann was able to explicate the flight of the Nicaraguan Revolution as a gradual procedure. Carlos Fonseca was influenced significantly from the successes of the Cuban Revolution. Although certain facets of the Cuban Revolution were different, it did supply Fonseca with a political design of how he planned on conveying about a revolution in Nicaragua. Fonseca’s thoughts were to a great extent influenced by the instructions of Che Guevara and Augusto Sandino. He chose to concentrate on the Nicaraguan workers and provincials. This doctrine became the FSLN initial political platform. The early FSLN under Fonseca used this platform to make out to the laden categories and mobilized them against the Somoza Regime. Following the decease of Fonseca, the FSLN in power became more moderate, to a great extent divided, and bit by bit strayed away from Fonseca’s vision. By 1990, the FS LN had wholly changed. They still honored Fonseca as a radical icon, but they no longer incorporated his doctrines into their policies. The FSLN in power shifted off from the involvements of the workers and provincials which created much opposition. Zimmermann finally argues that it was the Sandinistas’ treachery of the thoughts and illustrations of Carlos Fonseca that attributed to the death of the revolution.

CRIME MAPPING Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

CRIME MAPPING - Assignment Example This paper makes out the most logical step in crime mapping based on the prior introduction of 3D computer aided crime mapping that enables individuals to scrutinize a crime or felony in all dimensions. Factors such as the benefits and liabilities associated with crime mapping, ways in which 3D technology is used to deal with social problems of crime, as well as the privacy issues and constitutional rights issues of crime mapping will also be investigated. Introduction According to Wrobleski & Hess (2005), crime mapping is a process that allows law enforcers to create in your mind or envision the distribution of delinquency within a particular region. Mapping makes available a lifelike and detailed illustration or demonstration of transgressions as well as other linked factors. Law makers can either create straightforward or complex illustrations. It is important to posit that straightforward illustrations aid the police in identifying areas that need intensified patrols. Complicated illustrations aid strategy creators and detectives to monitor movements hence making it easier to react or take action when a crime is taking place. Boba (2005), on the other hand, asserts that law enforcers can incorporate the use of scientific or computer aided illustrations to comprehend the attacking modes of murderers or assassins, identify the residences or dwelling places for criminals, and also make out subsequent areas for attacks. In the modern world, law enforcers in many countries have adopted the use of mapping technology to establish the position of a caller hence making it possible for officers reacting on the call have first hand proof. This is important as it ensures the security and wellbeing of law enforcers is upheld when reacting to urgent situations. Practical and procedural severity in the avoidance and control of transgressions has been witnessed to advance and progress over the recent past. This has been as a result of a joint venture among scientific inves tigators and other concerned parties (Boba, 2005). This has been coupled with the introduction of accessible and easy to use Geographic Information Systems which has been endorsed to present and offer important methodical and investigative devices or instruments for the detection and investigation of issues of delinquency and also growth and expansion of delinquency deterrence strategies. The most significant future prospect of crime mapping is the fact that it has the capability of discovering and classifying early indications of a crime through a point in time. Another assurance of crime mapping is the capability to enlighten a practical advancement towards crisis resolution and deterrence of transgression within the law enforcement component of the criminal justice system (Chamard, 2006). There have been efforts in the recent past to design novel designs of mapping software though most of these are in their infant phases of development. 1. Logical step to take with introduction o f 3D crime mapping technology Since there has been the introduction of a 3D computer generated mapping technology, the next reasonable step would be to foretell future crimes. This is because the capacity to forecast the position or locality of potential felonies that might happen provides an important and helpful foundation of information that can be beneficial in combating future crime. Chamard (2006) argues that forecasting the happening of future felonies in form of prophetic analysis may update and enlighten the law enforcers on where to position and set up security operations. This can also assist in identifying areas that require frequent patrols by law enforcers. Putting up cameras in every corner of streets in major towns and neighborhoods enables inspection of regions

Costume and Fashion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Costume and Fashion - Essay Example The essay "Costume and Fashion" talks about the connection between costume and fashion and analyzes what impact has a costume from the past to the modern fashion. In today’s fashion industry, there is no faux – pas what – so – ever, any and everyone can be fashionable if they chose to. This is very unlike fashion in the historical times where fashion was only for the rich and famous. If you wanted to be fashionable, you had to be rich! Contemporary fashion has it, that a person could be fashionable even on a shoe- string budget. Today, Fashion in the broader sense of the word is a person’s identity – a ticket to be known. It is a sort of stamp on society so to say where everyone tries to make a mark. In trying to differentiate between â€Å"costume† and â€Å"fashion†, we come to understand that there is a great disparity between the two. Research carried out in the field of fashion shows that fashion takes place all over the wo rld and is closely related to sociology, the Urban Geography, the Class and Labor system and the Material culture of a place. All these components combine to portray the fashion of a particular country. That is why each country has its own unique and traditional flavor when it comes to fashion. â€Å"Costume† on the other hand, is clothing that is made for a particular purpose and is worn by a whole group of people who are together and doing the same job. For example in the ancient world, people like the German tribes used costumes, in order to differentiate between the different social classes.

Does society still marginalize women to the point that they are seen Essay

Does society still marginalize women to the point that they are seen as mere housewives - Essay Example As seen in the research conducted by Brady, it is arguable that the society has continually demeaned the woman in various ways (1-2). In the work, Brady explains how men are chauvinistic and prejudiced in their approach to women. This results from the man’s efforts to make sure that the woman is made a wife by giving her all the responsibilities within the home, as well as fulfill the needs of the man. It is astonishing how the woman is expected to work, and send her husband to school and still take care of the children while the husband is in school (Brady 1-2). In this case one can easily tell that the life of the woman revolves around caring for the man and all his needs as opposed to her own needs. The men aim at to improving their education statuses which will ultimately see to their economic empowerment as the women stay at home. This aspect is indeed discriminatory and continues to contain the woman within the household acting as a housewife. Similarly, the same sentiments are shared by the film, Damsel in Distress part 1, that gives the impression that women are extremely passive and cannot do anything on their own. The film continues to explain how women always wait for their male counterparts to rescue them in different contexts (Damsel in Distress part 1). Does this mean that the women cannot outdo their male counterparts? Is the notion of the woman being passive valid? These thoughts add to Brady’s thoughts that the society is continually working towards making the women mere housewives. Correspondingly, the work of Kathleen Deveny validates the thesis that the society continually treats women as mere housewives. In her work, Deveny explains how the women are expected to behave in the society using a real example of the soccer game (24). The game has been described as one that should not be linked with women in any way. Women who are

Pampers brand analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pampers brand analysis - Assignment Example The company set out methodical figures to discover vital consumer behaviors, public outcries and optimized reward methods through a program titled â€Å"pampers Gifts to Grow Rewards. As a result, the company decided to come up with a new product that could solve the public’s problems. Some of the promises the consumers expected from the new product are discussed below. There were a number of parents who had consistently raised alarms that pampers caused diaper rashes to their newborns. P&G in their new advert promised to improve the situation preventing the chemical burns. Furthermore, the company promised to make the products more available by reducing their prices. After a long period of extensive research, P&G is in the process of availing the new pampers brand to the market (Oswald 41). Pampers, diapers, nappies and other infant care products, face severe marketing tests. The challenge appears exceptional even among other enclosed product makes that thrash about forming healthy relationships with their preferred customers (Thompson 265). Moreover, baby care products have a limited amount of time to involve pregnant and new mothers to create strong relationships with them. Consequently, the delivery of the promises that the customers expect of the product is an incredibly vital process in initiating and developing healthy relations between the corporation and their respective customers. The sales department must understand the market trends, values and other related information about customers (Koenig 69). In addition, it should be particularly keen to identify the contemporary and immediate needs and expectations of the consumers. Afterwards, the company, therefore, is ready to design an advertisement which vividly states the problems and needs identified. The act of conveying brand promises to the customers dictates the customer experience module hence initiates and improves the taste and desire for the brand. The

Effects of Eating Disorders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Effects of Eating Disorders - Essay Example This leads to lack of the necessary food elements required for brain development, proper blood circulation, and white blood cells production among others. Anorexia is usually caused by, (a) societal demands, where people in the society uphold some values like being thin or light in weight is good. (b) Fear of developing diseases or conditions associated with overweight like high blood pressure or even development of piles.(Painful growh with sores around the anus). (c) Social aspects like some particular types of games that require one to be of light weight. (d) Genetic associated like where most family members are overweight and one wants to deviate from his/her family condition which is problematic.This may even cause social or societal disorientation, loss of family or cause stress. This is the disorder whereby the victim usually have a lot of appetite and is generally a heavy and frequent eater though at the same time is afraid of gaining weight. The victim ends up using other means of getting rid of the eaten food from the body by forcing vomit or even doing extraneous body exercises. This develops into psycho social disorders like low self esteem, personal self diffidence, and risk of bacteria contamination while purging using dirty fingers. Hunger strike being a very old disorder and/or practice is where the subject person deliberately avoid food, especially solid food. This is practiced for diverse reasons, like political protests and religious practices. Hunger strike practically leads to lack of essential food elements in the body. Some of the elements in the solid food are energy giving food whose deficiency will lead to dizziness, adverse loss of weight and even failure to heal in case of damaged tissues as the body will not have the essential food to repair tissues. Lack of food for a long period leads to a lot of acidity in stomach, which burns the internal tissues

Management Information and Communication System Essay - 1

Management Information and Communication System - Essay Example In order to achieve the constant supply of raw materials and the supply of goods and services to the consumers, a business firm should ensure that their supply chain management systems are effective. In this case, only an effective supply chain management system can enhance the firm’s responsiveness to its customers’ needs and utilisation of its resources. In effect, the supply chain management system enables a firm’s coordination during the processes of planning, production, and logistics with the suppliers. Business Benefits of Supply Chain Management Systems A business should be able to evaluate the status of its supplies and resources while maintaining an inventory system along the supply chain. Bowersox, Closs and Cooper (2010, p. 133) called this visibility, which is the ability of a business to track its resources and inventory along the supply chain while evaluating and managing any information regarding the resources and inventory. In effect, supply chai n management systems benefits a business by using the information in the supply chain to plan against any potential problems along the supply chain. Consequently, the evaluation of these problems enables businesses to manage any potential risks, which enhances the responsiveness of a business towards its consumers’ needs. ... In addition, a business will benefit by planning for the consumers’ constraints such as transportation and storage capacities, raw materials required, and the amount a firm should produce in order to meet the consumers’ demands. Supply Chain Management Systems and Coordination of Planning, Production, and Logistics with Suppliers As earlier indicated, one business benefit of supply chain management systems to a firm is the ability of a firm to remain responsive to its consumers’ demand. In effect, an effective system will enhance a firm’s planning of its production to meet the market demand, which is the process of demand management. Bowersox, Closs and Cooper (2010, p. 133) noted, â€Å"Demand management develops the forecast that drives anticipatory supply chain processes.† The importance of the â€Å"anticipatory supply chain processes† in a business firm is to establish the amount of products to produce and the raw materials required in t he production of the products. In effect, an organisation maintains a steady contact with the suppliers of raw materials based on the firm’s projections and stock available. A supply chain management system enables a business to identify the goods that require production in a firm. In this way, a firm will be able to balance between its ability in terms of resources available and the manufacturing stock. It is important to point out that these resources include the most significant resource of human capital. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper (2010, p. 135) called this product planning and noted, â€Å"It uses the statement of requirements obtained from demand management in conjunction with

Girls do better than boys at school but the situation changed in Essay

Girls do better than boys at school but the situation changed in career patterns of females today - Essay Example In today’s world women contribute as much as men in the workplace with their ability, motivation and intelligence. They have proved themselves with their capabilities, knowledge, skills and competence. With an equal talent bank, positive wisdom and personality today’s women are in the forefront of globalization. As we can see 35% of US lawyers are women, 5% are partners in law firms. 9% of judges, 10% of company directors, 10% of top police officers in UK are women. (Melanie Nolan. Questia Journal Article). From the educational institutions to the media, to the government services, feminism decides the issues, sets the policies, and intimidates rising opponents into forced silence. In the beginning of the new millennium, female employment continues to be on the increase and there are now nearly 11.5 million working women in France compared with 6.5 million in 1960. And this is not peculiar to France alone the same phenomenon can be found all over Europe. The feminization of the workforce is progressively on the raise, whilst male employment is static or on the decline. Unemployment basically is determined by women’s working conditions and terms of employment. Women are no longer a "reserve". The traditional outlook about women being homemakers must therefore suggest legitimizing every kind of inequality. Unemployment being rampant in today’s world this has in no way affected women’s determination to stay on the job market. The term ‘equality’ has evolved continuously to refer to equity, discrimination, etc. all of which refer to the present situation of men and women. Despite women’s success at all levels, there is still a lot of gender segregation due to which women with equal qualification and experience find it more difficult to get a suitable job in a specified field. This is however changing gradually

Free trade Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Free trade - Assignment Example The U.S. on the other side has increased the import of agricultural products to Canada and Mexico (Orme, 1996). The economic basis of trade is to exchange goods and services for currency. It will be abuse to common sense to purchase or rather get poor services in the name of saving our local industries from foreign competition yet we get poor services and goods. We would rather go for a specialist. Research shows American did well economically because they allowed free movement of goods across its neighbors. While Europe, because they are protecting themselves from their neighbors did not do quite well. I bought my nephew a play station made from China. China makes good toys for children. America produces good computers. We can, therefore, sell our computers to China as we buy their toys (Orme, 1996). Free trade has allowed Americans to import textiles from Mexico. My dress was made from Mexico. There are very few people wearing clothes made in America. There have been slogans saying that buy America keep your job. However, it is costly to put trade restrictions in order to save the local industries. The taxpayers pay more than those that have free trade. The benefit of buying American goods is that jobs are saved (Orme, 1996). Trade restrictions should only apply in cases where there is a violation of preservation rules. For example, food or agricultural products posing a danger to human life due to use of hazardous chemicals should be restricted. International trade does not stop competition or even cause unemployment (Orme, 1996). International trade enables countries to be able to have a look at different types of goods and compare them to theirs. It will challenge local industries to produce better goods and services in order to maintain their

Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House Essay Example for Free

Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House Essay The role, treatment, disadvantages, and sacrifices of women in their societies are vital themes in both Federico LOrcas The House Of Bernarda Alba and Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House. In Federico LOrcas The House Of Bernarda Alba, to start with, all characters that appear on stage are females, and men are merely talked about. In Ibsens A Dolls House the protagonist is Nora, a woman who gets treated by her husband as though she were a little girl. At the time when Federico LOrca and Henrik Ibsen wrote their plays, it was normal for women to get treated as anything but equal to men. Women were expected by men and by their society to do nothing more than stay at home, cook for their family, get children, and then take care of their children as well. Although Ibsen and LOrca wrote these plays several decades apart, since Ibsen wrote his play at the turn of the century in Norway and LOrca wrote his in 1930s Spain, the expectations of women were pretty much the same. It was not normal for women to receive an education, let alone a good one, and women were not allowed to vote. In A Dolls House there are three female characters: Nora, Mrs. Linde, and the maid working for Nora. All of these women have to sacrifice something and have disadvantages, simply because they are women. Every character in The House Of Bernarda Alba has to suffer because they are women. Spanish tradition in the 1930s forces them all to isolate themselves from the outer world for eight years of their lives. In The House Of Bernarda Alba, Bernarda Alba and all of her daughters have to mourn the death of their father. This is Spanish tradition, and so they all have to live in their house for eight years, completely isolated from the rest of society. They may only wear black, even in the scorching heat of southern Spain. This already shows how harshly women were treated. Bernarda Alba and her daughters are forced to isolate themselves from the outside world completely, whether they want to or not, because of tradition. The eight women are forced to give up eight years of their lives in which they may do nothing but mourn. Also, the fact that a woman has to kill her own child when she gets pregnant, and is then hunted down by the whole town and killed herself, shows how women were viewed and treated. Also, a woman could often not decide who she wanted to marry, and when a women got married it was often just nothing more than a business deal, and the feelings of the woman were completely ignored.

How Global Capitalism Creates Economic Zones

How Global Capitalism Creates Economic Zones Requirement question: According to dependence theory, how does the global capitalist system create distinctive economic zones in the world? What is the effect on the states? DEPENDENCE THEORY: HOW GLOBAL CAPITALIST SYSTEM CREATE DISTINCTIVE ECONOMIC ZONES AND. A theory according to the Oxford dictionaries it is defined as a system of ideas intended to explain something supposition. (Oxyford Dictionaries) It is a set of interrelated concepts trying to explain a phenomenon. Dependence theory is a body of knowledge/perception composed of different works from different contributors. They have varying definitions of dependence theory. However, there are three common features to these definitions which most dependency-theorist share. The first character is that they view the world in two sets of states, the dominant verses dependent or center verses periphery or metropolitan verses satellite. The center/metropolitan/dominant are the developed, industrialized nations/states/countries in the (OECD) Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development while the periphery/satellite/dependent are the third world countries with low per capital also refered to as the undeveloped or developing nations/states. (Ferraro, 2008) Second, they portray a view that there are external forces such International commodity markets, foreign assistance, and other means that are utilized by the industrialized countries to represent and push for their economic interest abroad. These are usually unfair to the third world countries in one way or the other. (Ferraro, 2008) Thirdly, these theorists indicate that the relations between the dominant states and the dependent nations not only do they intensify unequal patterns between the states but also they reinforce unequal patterns and these relationships are dynamic. Moreover, dependency is a very deep-seated historical process rooted in the internationalization of capitalism. (Ferraro, 2008) The dependency theorists attempts to explain the state of being undeveloped of the third world countries by examining the patterns of interactions arguing that inequality among the nations comes from within or. (Ferraro, 2008) The theorist to this theory holds that international capitalism is the driving force behind dependency relationships the spread of the contemporary world system. (Robbins, 2010) They explain poverty and slow or no know development among other problems faced by third world countries as having their roots or arising from the global capitalist systems. (Angotti 1981, pp. 124-125; Jackson Soensen 2010, p.207). (Ball, 2012) The dependent/periphery states supply raw materials such as minerals, agricultural commodities and labor at a cheap price to the industrialized countries due to the established relationship. The dependent countries also provide market for the manufactured goods, which are sold at high prices, market for the obsolescent technologies and surplus capital for the developed countries. The economy of the dependent states due to this is oriented towards the outside looking up for goods, services, and money to flow from the developed states to them. Unfortunately, for them the allocation of these resources is determined by the industrialized/dominant states and their economic interest (Ferraro, 2008) The spread of the capitalist world system has been accompanied by the creation of distinctive patterns of social relations, ways of viewing the world, patterns of health and disease, relationships to the environment and so on. (Robbins, 2010) How global capitalist system create distinctive economic zones People from the third world countries/dependent/periphery/satellite states are not responsible for the developmental failures of their societies, a view of the neo-Marxist dependency theory. Andre Gunder Frank one of the leading theorists of dependency theory lack of development in these dependent states is because the Developed nations have deliberately undeveloped them. Some of the ways Western nations under develop the third world countries include: Global capitalism- according to Frank argues there exists a global system of capitalism. In this system the developed nations exploits the dependent nations/the periphery. The dependent states are The periphery is kept in a state of dependency and under development kept in an undeveloped state to continue providing cheap raw materials and labour to the developing countries. Historically this relationship of exploitation and dependency occurred through slave trade and colonization and today though aids given by the developed states to the dependency state, multinational companies practices and through international trading systems which the West dominates (revisionworld) Historical exploitation-slavery and colonialism- Frank points out that the trade in slavery earned big profits to both the slave traders and the plantation owners who utilized this source of cheap labour in the18th century. These countries super accumulated capital from this and the capital was invested in industrial revolution and consequently helped kick-start industrial development. According to Paul Harrison, by use of military technology Europe conquered and colonized many states around the world in the 18th century. The colonies were exploited for law materials for their industries, cheap food and cheap labor. Some of the land used traditionally for growing food was turned to production of cash crops for export while in other places new farms were created. (revisionworld) Contemporary exploitation- this is exploitation through international trade. The way world trade is organized today is a legacy of colonialism. Though most of the countries achieved their political independent their economies still is based on exporting cash crop and raw material to the Developed countries and are over-dependent on either one or two products therefore any over production or fall in Western demand of the products can be detrimental to the country’s economy. The Western nations further limit the export earnings of dependency states by setting the prices for many of their products and setting tariffs and quotas, also through taxation of especially manufactured products which limits products entering the First World (revisionworld) Neo colonialism- new forms of colonization is emerging where at the forefront of this Neo-colonialism are the multinational companies (MNCs). These MNCs exploits the dependency states for cheap raw materials, cheap labour and new markets in search for profits. Official aid- official aids have become another source neo-colonialism. These official aids in form of loans, weapons, medicines and human expertise flows from the developed states to the dependent countries. They create a good pathway of exploitation through imposition of requirements to qualify for the business. Most loans to the Third World involve interest. However, economies grow too slowly and long-term development projects such as irrigation schemes, dams, etc. can be slow to generate the predicted income or may fail. In the meantime, the interest builds up and can eventually outstrip the initial loan. (revisionworld) The effects of global capitalism on the states Global capitalism has created a huge economic zone between the third world countries and the developed countries. Some of the major/common effects of global capitalism on the third world states include. Increase in poverty level, hunger and starvation- capitalism has lead to increase in poverty level in third world countries while the first world countries grow richer and richer. Increased conflicts- capitalism has lead to increase in conflicts between ethnic groups, tribes, countries/states/nations over resources. Deprivation- there is also a lot of deprivation where those in the periphery are deprived essential needs. Social injustice and decline in justice- Robert Reich in his work How Capitalism is Killing Democracy observes that democracy is being snuffed out by the pursuit of profit. (Reich, 2007) Inequality-inequality is increasing almost everywhere in the postindustrial capitalist world due to capitalism. Oppression- the trade tariffs and quotas put in place by the third world countries are oppressive and exploitive to the world in today’s world system driven by capitalism. Exploitation- the third world countries are exploited by the developed countries for cheap labour and resources in return for the obsolete technology of the West. (Economics online) Under-development- capitalism and imperialism are perceived as the major cause of the current underdevelopment in Africa among other third world countries. REFERENCES Ball, J. (2012, 11 12). Dependency and World Systems theories explanation of Chinas rapid economic growth. Just Another Journalism Students blog. Retrieved December 21, 2014, from jessicakball.wordpress.com/2012/11/10/the-correlation-between-dependency-and -underdevelopment-and-dependecy-and world-system-theories-explanation-of-chinas-rapid-economic-growth/ Economics online. (n.d.). Dependecy theory. Retrieved December 22, 2014, from Economics Online: www.economicsonline.co.uk/Global_economics/Dependecy_theory.html Ferraro, V. (2008). Dependency Theory: An Introduction. (G. Secondi, Ed.) The Development Economics Reader, 58-64. Retrieved December 21, 2014, from https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/depend.htm Martin, P. (2014, July 25). Capitalism and Global Poverty. Retrieved December 22, 2014, from Global Poverty: www.globalresearch.ca/capitalism-and-global-poverty-two bilion-poor-one-billion-hungry/5393262 Muller, J. Z. (2013, March/April). Capitalism and Inequality. Retrieved December 22, 2014, from Foreign Affairs: m.foreignaffairs.com/articles/138844/jerry-z-muller/capitalism-and-inequality Oxyford Dictionaries. (n.d.). theory. Retrieved December 21, 2014, from Oxford Dictionaries : www.oxforddictionaries.com/defination/english/theory Reich, R. B. (2007, September 05). Robert Reich: How Capitalism is Killing Democracy. Retrieved December 22, 2014, from Economists View: economistsview.typepad.com/economistsview/2007/09/robert-reich-ho.html revisionworld. (n.d.). Dependecy theory. Retrieved December 22, 2014, from revisionworld: revisionworld.com/a2-level-level-revision/sociology/world sociology/sociological expanation-development-under- developments/dependancy theory Robbins, R. H. (2010). Global Problems and the Culture of capitalism (5th ed.). New York: Allyn Bacon Publishing, inc. Retrieved December 21, 2014, from faculty.plattaburgh.edu/richard.robbins/legacy/book_plan.html The Socialist Party of Great Britain. (n.d.). Africa and the reality of capitalism. Retrieved December 22, 2014, from The Socialist Party of Great Britain: www.worldsocialism.org/spgb/education/depth-article/global-economy/africa-and-reality-capitalism